Deontological ethical theory was ascribed to which philosopher?

Deontological ethical theory, which emphasizes the importance of rules, duties, and obligations in determining the morality of actions, is closely associated with the philosopher Immanuel Kant. Kant argued that morality is grounded in rationality and that humans are bound to act according to moral laws that they have a duty to follow, regardless of the consequences. His categorical imperative is a central tenet of deontological ethics, asserting that one should act only according to that maxim which they can will to become a universal law. This focus on intention and adherence to moral duty sets deontological ethics apart from consequentialist theories, which evaluate the morality of an action based on its outcomes.

Other philosophers listed, such as Aristotle, Bentham, and Mill, have contributed significantly to ethical theory as well but in different frameworks. Aristotle is known for virtue ethics, focusing on character and virtues rather than rules. Bentham and Mill are representatives of utilitarianism, which judges the rightness of actions based on the greatest good for the greatest number, placing less emphasis on duties or rules. Therefore, the connection of deontological ethics is distinctly highlighted by Kant’s interpretations and principles.