What document outlines an internationally recognized approach to measurement uncertainty?

The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) is the correct choice because it provides a systematic approach for quantifying measurement uncertainty, which is crucial in scientific and engineering practices. GUM outlines the principles and methods for evaluating uncertainties associated with measured values and is recognized globally as a standard for expressing these uncertainties. This guide helps ensure that measurements are consistent, reliable, and comparable across different setups and laboratories.

While other documents and standards, such as NIST guidelines, ISO certifications, and Laboratory Accreditation Criteria, may provide valuable information related to measurement or quality assurance, they do not specifically focus on the methodology and principles for expressing measurement uncertainty in the comprehensive way that GUM does. Consequently, GUM stands out as the definitive source for this internationally recognized approach.